%PDF-1.6 % 1 0 obj <> endobj 2 0 obj <>stream 2021-06-24T15:24-04:00 2021-06-24T15:24-04:00 2021-06-24T15:24-04:00 Adobe Acrobat 17.0 application/pdf 03-15485.a1 uuid:776f32ff-bb7f-4d0e-aab8-3e194dbadb23 uuid:6c40a6dc-8aa2-4083-9d7a-eca42fc9535b Acrobat Web Capture 15.0 endstream endobj 5 0 obj <> endobj 6 0 obj <> endobj 3 0 obj <> endobj 7 0 obj <> endobj 8 0 obj <> endobj 20 0 obj <>>> endobj 21 0 obj <> endobj 22 0 obj <> endobj 24 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 25 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 26 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 27 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 28 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 29 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 30 0 obj [23 0 R 23 0 R] endobj 23 0 obj <><><><><><><><><><><><>]/P 21 0 R/Pg 13 0 R/S/Article>> endobj 13 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 31 0 obj <>stream BT /Artifact <>BDC /TT0 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 5 779 Tm (03-15485.a1)Tj EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 -86 TD (file:///usr.osd.mil/)Tj 7.166 0 Td (...)Tj (Computer/Desktop/DOHA%20transfer/DOHA-Kane/dodogc/doha/industrial/Archiv\ ed%20-%20HTML/03-15485.a1.html)Tj 49.74 0 Td ([6/24/2021 3:24:00 PM])Tj EMC ET 1 g 10 36 591.75 729.75 re f 0.604 g q 1 0 0 1 16.0002 734.2497 cm 0 0 m 0.75 -0.75 l 579 -0.75 l 579.749 0 l h f Q 0.933 g q 1 0 0 1 16.7499 733.5 cm 0 0 m -0.75 -0.75 l 579 -0.75 l 578.25 0 l h f Q 0.604 g q 1 0 0 1 16.0002 732.7503 cm 0 0 m 0.75 0.75 l 0 1.499 l h f Q 0.933 g q 1 0 0 1 594.9999 733.5 cm 0 0 m 0.75 -0.75 l 0.75 0.75 l h f Q 0.604 g q 1 0 0 1 16.0002 618.75 cm 0 0 m 0.75 -0.75 l 579 -0.75 l 579.749 0 l h f Q 0.933 g q 1 0 0 1 16.7499 618.0003 cm 0 0 m -0.75 -0.751 l 579 -0.751 l 578.25 0 l h f Q 0.604 g q 1 0 0 1 16.0002 617.2497 cm 0 0 m 0.75 0.751 l 0 1.5 l h f Q 0.933 g q 1 0 0 1 594.9999 618.0003 cm 0 0 m 0.75 -0.751 l 0.75 0.75 l h f Q /Article <>BDC EMC /Article <>BDC BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 749.25 Tm (DATE: June 2, 2005)Tj 0 -3.25 TD (In Re:)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (-----------------)Tj T* (SSN: -----------)Tj T* (Applicant for Security Clearance)Tj 0 -3.25 TD (ISCR Case No. 03-15485)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 11.641 -2.125 Td (APPEAL BOARD DECISION AND REVERSAL ORDER)Tj 8.793 -2.125 Td (APPEARANCES)Tj ET 0.75 w q 1 0 0 1 261.2061 543 cm 0 0 m 89.338 0 l h S Q BT 11.25 0 0 11.25 251.0312 519 Tm (FOR GOVERNMENT)Tj /TT0 1 Tf -4.332 -2.2 Td (Eric H. Borgstrom, Esq., Department Counsel)Tj -3.207 -2.2 Td (Peregrine D. Russell-Hunter, Esq., Chief Department Counsel)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 8.317 -2.2 Td (FOR APPLICANT)Tj /TT0 1 Tf -1.096 -2.2 Td (Alan W. H. Gourley, Esq.)Tj 1.333 -2.2 Td (J. Chris Haile, Esq.)Tj 12 0 0 12 16 369.75 Tm (The Defense Office of Hearings and Appeals \(DOHA\) issued to Applicant \ a Statement of Reasons \(SOR\), dated)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (November 18, 2003, which stated the reasons )Tj 18.468 0 Td (why DOHA proposed to deny or revoke access to classified information)Tj -18.468 -1.125 Td (for Applicant. )Tj 5.859 0 Td (The SOR was based on Guideline C \(Foreign Preference\), and )Tj 25.187 0 Td (Guideline B \(Foreign Influence\).)Tj -31.047 -1.125 Td (Administrative Judge Kathryn Moen Braeman issued a favorable security cl\ earance decision, dated October 19, 2004.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Department Counsel appealed the Administrative Judge's favorable decisio\ n. )Tj 31.032 0 Td (The Board has jurisdiction under)Tj -31.032 -1.125 Td (Executive Order 10865 and Department of )Tj 17.327 0 Td (Defense Directive 5220.6 \(Directive\), dated January 2, 1992, as amende\ d.)Tj -17.327 -2.125 Td (The following issues have been raised on appeal: \(1\) whether the Admin\ istrative Judge's application of Guideline B)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (Mitigating Conditions 1 and 3 was )Tj 14.111 0 Td (arbitrary, capricious and contrary to law; and \(2\) whether the Adminis\ trative Judge's)Tj -14.111 -1.125 Td (conclusion that the government's concerns under Guideline C had been )Tj 28.672 0 Td (mitigated was arbitrary, capricious or contrary to)Tj -28.672 -1.125 Td (law. )Tj (For the reasons that follow, the Board reverses the Administrative Judge\ 's decision.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 20.685 -2.125 Td (Scope of Review)Tj /TT0 1 Tf -20.685 -2.125 Td (On appeal, the Board does not review a case )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 17.993 0 Td (de novo)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (. )Tj (Rather, the Board addresses the material issues raised by the)Tj -17.993 -1.125 Td (parties to determine whether there is factual )Tj 17.798 0 Td (or legal error. )Tj 5.719 0 Td (There is no presumption of error below, and the appealing)Tj -23.517 -1.125 Td (party must raise claims of error with specificity and identify how the A\ dministrative )Tj 33.963 0 Td (Judge committed factual or legal)Tj -33.963 -1.125 Td (error. )Tj (Directive, Additional Procedural Guidance, Item E3.1.32. )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 25.797 0 Td (See also)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( ISCR Case No. 00-0050 \(July 23, 2001\) at pp.)Tj -25.797 -1.125 Td (2-3 )Tj (\(discussing reasons why party must raise claims of error with specifici\ ty\).)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (When the rulings or conclusions of an Administrative Judge are challenge\ d, the Board must consider whether they are:)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (\(1\) are arbitrary or capricious; or \(2\) )Tj 14.798 0 Td (contrary to law. )Tj 6.553 0 Td (Directive, Additional Procedural Guidance, Item E3.1.32.3. )Tj 24.104 0 Td (In)Tj -45.456 -1.125 Td (deciding whether the Judge's rulings or conclusions are arbitrary or cap\ ricious, )Tj 31.726 0 Td (the Board will review the Judge's)Tj -31.726 -1.125 Td (decision to determine whether: it does not examine relevant evidence; it\ fails to articulate a satisfactory explanation for)Tj ET q 10 36 592 730 re W n BT 12 0 0 12 16 39.75 Tm (its )Tj (conclusions, including a rational connection between the facts found and\ the choice made; it does not consider)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 32 0 obj <> endobj 33 0 obj (IL$F+}k:P) endobj 34 0 obj <> endobj 35 0 obj <> endobj 36 0 obj <> endobj 41 0 obj <> endobj 42 0 obj <>stream H\n0 y Ce-i%V?tH#DxٸEJ/_tGM#4 Slkn^MW{Qq5 #vkze}Rrg_p`1 ZBTݼ19XlC;h.[8yɼ_[|m0*i䐝h Ob)4*KpS . x43)' Fxü2);^x|>0'e=I.iѦY 5h髹ؐzAxnn!3^˭ǟ{TS 0G endstream endobj 43 0 obj <>stream H|TT=\ (X \b 5&H^|IV(QQ,X vbNJ](dVrڳ>g}~A<!UuxbtCCcMw; *Wto{i}@\{G?r8eװ\p&KI+w 6FӶSi@*Gq1'7 R,3:2f"=GӋcGƬCFTe07d(PJ=$wTDʑb0(\MV).ژTTL-lOʹ+AJAGS3$]bCqBqrV.Jq-^ó|/*WLfQjk8V:uoаQ&M5o2U6m۵ç}ޱCW]7v?t GQzۯ1q谸#~yc~0nĉ&O:-yfϙ2o>,\8uIeW\z ]~CMlݖ}]ڷC=vS.^׬yeg '"հ3<'>ïDY|*I4PyקA>E}>k>Z;UԶhU{ M=MLSM LY$lJd)k)g)od,,5,,H?YnKnWz}=H z>Y/n~R?_  0@ 3ӋD hhh\WTPTTrfR 0 ֳ?NRU(uJ2QLWr>)oos[3iwBxm]ҮkϵW&LdSs9PCg _py!YOWp\r"94}!2@ttKzbzF5%8<>ƒC}Cmy%FWOx%gեp s u=PSp"_YV(}{#{{={]{{m{-j'y+MMrWy Qzv [[C[=[m[5Vi#cknkU5ۚek͔ vVVj*ɕ2J=fx?yX-u<9D+ԁ} JOeqTWEp>֫K~뿳PSaơpaew}J=\fz?OQ%ep?kZHH8#=T$a!Va0IBxgHٗ`V%ҰGu$'#Gp q'q 8G/&/ X 00?#K0dx4撁)pRhͧ_' 9"Z@ i-TZBFrRTh)^5-崂i%մ:ZO(6&ڌ7H(VFʐ+Tȝny.MM=hE؀ H T|ȗS6~ۤd#tq:A'&?' 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Directive, Adjudicative Guidelines, Item E2.A2.1.3.1.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (3. )Tj ("Contact and correspondence with foreign citizens are casual and infrequ\ ent." Directive, Adjudicative Guidelines,)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (Item E2.A2.1.3.3.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (4. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, Directive, Additional Procedural Guidance, Item E3.1.15.)Tj T* (5. )Tj (On August 16, 2000, then-Assistant Secretary of Defense for Command, Con\ trol, Communications and Intelligence,)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (Arthur L. Money, issued clarifying )Tj 14.247 0 Td (guidance \(the ASDC3I Memorandum or the "Money Memo"\) stating that a pe\ rson)Tj -14.247 -1.125 Td (who possesses a foreign passport should be disqualified from holding a )Tj 28.746 0 Td (clearance "unless the applicant surrenders the)Tj -28.746 -1.125 Td (foreign passport . . .")Tj 0 -2.125 TD (6. )Tj ("Individual has expressed a willingness to renounce dual citizenship." )Tj 29.198 0 Td (Directive, Adjudicative Guidelines, Item)Tj -29.198 -1.125 Td (E2.A3.1.3.4.)Tj T* (7. )Tj ("Dual citizenship is based solely on parent's citizenship or birth in a \ foreign country." )Tj 35.46 0 Td (Directive, Adjudicative)Tj -35.46 -1.125 Td (Guidelines, Item E2.A3.1.3.1.)Tj T* (8. )Tj ("Activity is sanctioned by the United States." )Tj 19.369 0 Td (Directive, Adjudicative Guidelines, Item E2.A3.1.3.3.)Tj -19.369 -2.125 Td (9. )Tj (The Judge's conclusion that Applicant had mitigated the government's cas\ e under Guideline C was based in large part)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (on her conclusion that Guideline C )Tj 14.219 0 Td (itigating Condition 4 \("Individual has expressed a willingness to renou\ nce dual)Tj ET EMC endstream endobj 17 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/StructParents 4/Type/Page>> endobj 48 0 obj [50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R] endobj 49 0 obj <>stream BT /Artifact <>BDC /TT0 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 5 779 Tm (03-15485.a1)Tj EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 -86 TD (file:///usr.osd.mil/)Tj 7.166 0 Td (...)Tj (Computer/Desktop/DOHA%20transfer/DOHA-Kane/dodogc/doha/industrial/Archiv\ ed%20-%20HTML/03-15485.a1.html)Tj 49.74 0 Td ([6/24/2021 3:24:00 PM])Tj EMC ET 1 g 10 36 591.75 729.75 re f /Article <>BDC EMC /Article <>BDC q 10 36 592 730 re W n BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 755.25 Tm (was required to use it to enter and leave )Tj 16.133 0 Td (Israel; \(e\) Applicant only used his Israeli passport for travel to Isr\ ael and)Tj ET Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 738.75 Tm (otherwise used his U.S. passport; \(f\) Upon receipt of the "Money Memor\ andum")Tj 0 0 0.933 rg 9.75 0 0 9.75 404.0547 743.25 Tm ( \(5\))Tj ET 0 0 0.933 RG 0.75 w q 1 0 0 1 404.0547 742.5 cm 0 0 m 13.806 0 l h S Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 713.25 Tm (in )Tj (November 2003, Applicant did not understand the correct procedures for s\ urrendering his Israeli passport; \(g\) in May)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (2004, once he understood the )Tj 11.997 0 Td (requirement, he decided to surrender his passport and renounce his Israe\ li citizenship in)Tj -11.997 -1.125 Td (order to maintain his security clearance; \(h\) Applicant surrendered hi\ s )Tj 28.267 0 Td (Israeli passport in June 2004; and \(i\) Applicant)Tj -28.267 -1.125 Td (initiated steps to renounce his Israeli citizenship. )Tj 19.717 0 Td (Based on these findings, the Judge concluded: \(i\) once )Tj 22.05 0 Td (Applicant)Tj -41.767 -1.125 Td (understood the U.S. security concerns over his retaining his foreign cit\ izenship, he expressed his willingness to)Tj T* (surrender his passport and began the )Tj 14.829 0 Td (steps to renounce his Israeli citizenship; \(ii\) Applicant's actions in\ surrendering the)Tj -14.829 -1.125 Td (Israeli passport lend credence to his position that he does not prefer t\ he )Tj 28.686 0 Td (interests of another country over the United)Tj -28.686 -1.375 Td (States; \(iii\) Guideline C Mitigating Condition 4)Tj 0 0 0.933 rg 9.75 0 0 9.75 243.9883 620.25 Tm ( \(6\))Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 243.9883 619.5 cm 0 0 m 13.806 0 l h S Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 590.25 Tm (applies since Applicant took steps to renounce his citizenship; )Tj 25.078 0 Td (and \(iv\) Applicant's overall conduct was not undertaken)Tj -25.078 -1.125 Td (in such a way as to establish a preference for a foreign country over th\ e United States.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (On appeal, Department Counsel argues that the Administrative Judge's con\ clusion that the government's case under)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (Guideline C was mitigated by Applicant's )Tj 16.955 0 Td (surrender of his Israeli passport and commencement of efforts to renounc\ e his)Tj -16.955 -1.125 Td (Israeli citizenship was not warranted given Applicant's conduct prior to\ the )Tj 30.254 0 Td (passport surrender and attempts at)Tj -30.254 -1.125 Td (renunciation and the timing of the passport surrender and attempts at re\ nunciation.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Department Counsel's argument regarding Guideline C is not persuasive. )Tj 29.451 0 Td (Department Counsel's argument is based in)Tj -29.451 -1.125 Td (large part on its contention that )Tj 12.719 0 Td (Applicant did not relinquish his passport or attempt to renounce his cit\ izenship until just)Tj -12.719 -1.125 Td (prior to the hearing, even though he knew since a February 2001 )Tj 26.076 0 Td (security interview that his possession of an Israeli)Tj -26.076 -1.125 Td (passport presented a security problem. )Tj 15.606 0 Td (Department Counsel's argument is based in part on a premise which )Tj 27.423 0 Td (is in conflict)Tj -43.03 -1.125 Td (with the Judge's findings of fact. )Tj 13.261 0 Td (The Judge did not find that Applicant was on notice since February 2001 \ that his)Tj -13.261 -1.125 Td (possession of an Israeli )Tj (passport posed a potential security problem. )Tj 27.411 0 Td (Rather, the Judge found that Applicant became)Tj -27.411 -1.125 Td (aware of the DoD policy on foreign passports in November 2003 )Tj 26.244 0 Td (and was unaware of how to comply until May 2004.)Tj -26.244 -1.125 Td (Department Counsel does not challenge the Judge's findings of fact. )Tj 27.423 0 Td (Indeed, Department Counsel's brief )Tj 14.426 0 Td (specifically)Tj -41.849 -1.125 Td (adopts the Judge's findings of fact. )Tj 14.094 0 Td (Therefore, to the extent Department Counsel's argument is based on the p\ remise that)Tj -14.094 -1.125 Td (Applicant knew in )Tj 7.637 0 Td (February 2001 that his Israeli passport and citizenship were a problem b\ ut he failed to act, the Board)Tj -7.637 -1.125 Td (will not consider it. )Tj 8.027 0 Td (In any case, the Board has previously )Tj 15.218 0 Td (rejected arguments which impute a time element to the)Tj -23.245 -1.125 Td (requirements of the ASDC3I Memorandum of August 16, 2000. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 25.913 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( ISCR Case No. 01-20908 )Tj (\(November 26, 2003\) at)Tj -25.913 -1.125 Td (p. 5 \(The ASDC3I Memorandum is silent on when an applicant must surrend\ er a foreign passport in order to have the)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (surrender )Tj (considered to be mitigating\).)Tj 0 -2.375 TD (Department Counsel discusses the applicability of Guideline C Mitigating\ Conditions 1)Tj 0 0 0.933 rg 9.75 0 0 9.75 435.9473 285.75 Tm ( \(7\))Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 435.9473 285 cm 0 0 m 13.806 0 l h S Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 252.75 Tm (and 3)Tj 0 0 0.933 rg 9.75 0 0 9.75 42.3262 257.25 Tm ( \(8\))Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 42.3262 256.5 cm 0 0 m 13.806 0 l h S Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 227.25 Tm (in its argument pertaining to the Administrative Judge's )Tj 22.454 0 Td (resolution of Guideline C. )Tj 10.693 0 Td (The Board need not review these)Tj -33.147 -1.125 Td (discussions since the Judge did not apply those mitigating conditions in\ her decision.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (All that remains of Department Counsel's Guideline C argument is a disag\ reement with the Administrative Judge's)Tj 0 -1.375 TD (weighing of the evidence.)Tj 0 0 0.933 rg 9.75 0 0 9.75 139.9551 176.25 Tm ( \(9\))Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 139.9551 175.5 cm 0 0 m 13.806 0 l h S Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 146.25 Tm (A party's )Tj (disagreement regarding the Judge's weighing of the evidence does not est\ ablish error on the part of the Judge.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 -1.125 TD (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case No. 02-23336 \(May 10, )Tj (2004\) at p. 5. )Tj (The Board need not agree with the Judge's conclusions to)Tj T* (decide that Department Counsel has not demonstrated error in the Judge's\ analysis of )Tj 34.254 0 Td (Guideline C.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf -12.488 -2.125 Td (Conclusion)Tj /TT0 1 Tf -21.767 -2.125 Td (Department Counsel has demonstrated harmful error that warrants reversal\ , based on the Administrative Judge's)Tj T* (unsustainable conclusions under Guideline B. )Tj 18.552 0 Td (Pursuant to the Directive, Additional Procedural Guidance, Item)Tj -18.552 -1.125 Td (E3.1.33.3., the Board reverses the Administrative Judge's favorable secu\ rity clearance )Tj 34.64 0 Td (decision.)Tj ET EMC endstream endobj 50 0 obj <>/BS<>/Border[0 0 0]/PA<>/Rect[404.0 741.0 418.0 752.0]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 51 0 obj <>/BS<>/Border[0 0 0]/PA<>/Rect[243.0 618.0 257.0 629.0]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 52 0 obj <>/BS<>/Border[0 0 0]/PA<>/Rect[435.0 283.0 449.0 294.0]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 53 0 obj <>/BS<>/Border[0 0 0]/PA<>/Rect[42.0 255.0 56.0 266.0]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 54 0 obj <>/BS<>/Border[0 0 0]/PA<>/Rect[140.0 174.0 154.0 185.0]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 16 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/StructParents 3/Type/Page>> endobj 55 0 obj <>stream BT /Artifact <>BDC /TT0 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 5 779 Tm (03-15485.a1)Tj EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 -86 TD (file:///usr.osd.mil/)Tj 7.166 0 Td (...)Tj (Computer/Desktop/DOHA%20transfer/DOHA-Kane/dodogc/doha/industrial/Archiv\ ed%20-%20HTML/03-15485.a1.html)Tj 49.74 0 Td ([6/24/2021 3:24:00 PM])Tj EMC ET 1 g 10 36 591.75 729.75 re f /Article <>BDC EMC /Article <>BDC q 10 36 592 730 re W n BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 755.25 Tm (she might have )Tj 6.304 0 Td (to choose between conflicting loyalties.)Tj ET Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 729.75 Tm (In applying Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1, the Administrative Judge\ based her conclusion that Applicant's mother)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (and siblings are not in a position to be )Tj 15.47 0 Td (exploited because: \(a\) Applicant's mother is elderly; \(b\) Applicant'\ s mother is not)Tj -15.47 -1.125 Td (dependent on Applicant for support; \(c\) notwithstanding his concerns f\ or his )Tj 30.854 0 Td (mother, Applicant made the security)Tj -30.854 -1.125 Td (interests of the United States a higher priority when he took steps to c\ ancel his Israeli passport and renounce his Israeli)Tj T* (citizenship: \(d\) neither Applicant's sister nor brother work for the I\ sraeli government; and \(e\) Applicant has had ties to)Tj T* (the United States over a long period of )Tj 15.718 0 Td (time. )Tj 2.277 0 Td (None of these factors provide a sustainable basis for applying Guideline\ B)Tj -17.996 -1.125 Td (Mitigating Condition 1.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (The fact that Applicant's mother is elderly does not support the applica\ tion of Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (because there is no record evidence that )Tj 16.187 0 Td (provides the Administrative Judge with a rational basis for concluding t\ hat the)Tj -16.187 -1.125 Td (age of Applicant's mother confers any protection upon her against target\ ing by )Tj 31.67 0 Td (the Israeli government. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 9.497 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR)Tj -41.167 -1.125 Td (Case No. 02-04786 \(June 27, 2003\) at pp. 5-6. )Tj (Similarly, neither the absence of evidence that Applicant supports his)Tj T* (mother, nor the absence of evidence that Applicant's siblings work for t\ he Israeli government, nor the evidence of)Tj T* (Applicant's close ties with the United States )Tj 17.816 0 Td (and the affirmative steps he took to sever ties with Israel )Tj 22.854 0 Td (negate or diminish)Tj -40.67 -1.125 Td (the dilemma Applicant would face if he were subjected to influence or pr\ essure )Tj 32.016 0 Td (because of his ties with immediate)Tj -32.016 -1.125 Td (family members living in Israel. )Tj 13.108 0 Td (Because none of these factors would relieve Applicant from the dilemma o\ f being)Tj -13.108 -1.125 Td (forced to )Tj 3.832 0 Td (choose between his family members and the United States, none of them pr\ ovide a rational basis for the Judge)Tj -3.832 -1.125 Td (to apply Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (In his appeal brief, Applicant cites numerous decisions of DOHA Hearing \ Office Administrative Judges to bolster his)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (argument that in this case the )Tj 11.941 0 Td (Administrative Judge properly determined that his relatives were not in \ a position to be)Tj -11.941 -1.125 Td (exploited by a foreign power. )Tj 12.052 0 Td (A decision by a Hearing Office )Tj 12.773 0 Td (Administrative Judge is not legally binding precedent on)Tj -24.825 -1.125 Td (other Hearing Office Judges or the Board. )Tj 17.05 0 Td (Just as the decision of one trial-level judge is not legally )Tj 22.745 0 Td (binding precedent on)Tj -39.794 -1.125 Td (a fellow trial-level judge, the decision of one Hearing Office Judge is \ not legally binding precedent on another Hearing)Tj T* (Office Judge. )Tj (Similarly, just as the decision of a trial-level tribunal is not legally\ binding precedent on an appellate)Tj T* (tribunal, the decisions of Hearing Office Judges are not )Tj 22.382 0 Td (legally binding precedent on the Board. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 16.079 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case)Tj -38.46 -1.125 Td (No. 01-22606 \(June 30, 2003\) at pp. 3-5. )Tj (The Board has no obligation to follow the Hearing )Tj 37.077 0 Td (Office decisions cited by)Tj -37.077 -1.125 Td (Applicant, and no obligation to reconcile the Judge's decision below wit\ h the Hearing Office decisions cited by)Tj T* (Applicant.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Department Counsel asserts on appeal that the Administrative Judge's con\ clusion that Guideline B Mitigating Condition)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (3 applied to mitigate the Guideline B )Tj 15.08 0 Td (security concerns is unsupported by the record evidence. )Tj 22.909 0 Td (Department Counsel's)Tj -37.989 -1.125 Td (contention has merit.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (As Department Counsel points out, there is a rebuttable presumption that\ an individual's relationship with his immediate)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (family members is not casual and )Tj 13.663 0 Td (infrequent. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 4.609 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case No. 00-0484 \(February 1, 2002\) at 4. )Tj (In this case, the)Tj -18.272 -1.125 Td (Judge made no findings of fact that provide a basis for overcoming the )Tj 28.52 0 Td (presumption and that support her conclusion that)Tj -28.52 -1.125 Td (Guideline B Mitigating Condition 3 applied. )Tj 18.026 0 Td (Given the absence of relevant findings of fact on the part of the )Tj 25.574 0 Td (Judge,)Tj -43.6 -1.125 Td (there is no discernable basis for the application of Mitigating Conditio\ n 3 in this case. )Tj 34.548 0 Td (The Judge applied Mitigating)Tj -34.548 -1.125 Td (Condition 3 without any )Tj 10 0 Td (explanation \(Decision at p. 8\). )Tj 12.357 0 Td (In addition, as Department Counsel suggests, there is significant)Tj -22.357 -1.125 Td (record evidence that runs contrary to the Judge's application of )Tj 25.338 0 Td (itigating Condition 3. )Tj 8.834 0 Td (The Judge engaged in arbitrary and)Tj -34.171 -1.125 Td (capricious reasoning when concluding that Guideline B Mitigating Conditi\ on 3 applied to mitigate )Tj 39.687 0 Td (the government's)Tj -39.687 -1.125 Td (concerns in this case.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (To summarize, Department Counsel has successfully demonstrated that the \ Administrative Judge failed to articulate a)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (rational basis for her conclusion that )Tj 14.829 0 Td (Guideline B Mitigating Conditions 1 and 3 applied in this case.)Tj -14.829 -2.125 Td (2. )Tj (Whether the Administrative Judge's conclusion that the government's conc\ erns under Guideline C had been mitigated)Tj ET 0.75 w q 1 0 0 1 28 103.5 cm 0 0 m 564.17 0 l h S Q BT 12 0 0 12 16 90.75 Tm (was arbitrary, capricious or contrary to )Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 16 90 cm 0 0 m 189.592 0 l h S Q BT 12 0 0 12 205.5918 90.75 Tm (law)Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 205.5918 90 cm 0 0 m 17.326 0 l h S Q BT 12 0 0 12 222.918 90.75 Tm (. )Tj (Under Guideline C \(Foreign Preference\), the Administrative Judge found\ )Tj -17.243 -1.125 Td (the following: \(a\) Applicant is an Israeli citizen by birth who served\ in the Israeli )Tj 32.685 0 Td (military but is no longer obligated for)Tj -32.685 -1.125 Td (military service; \(b\) Applicant became a naturalized American citizen \ in 1986; \(c\) Applicant obtained a United States)Tj T* (passport in 1987 and renewed it in 1997; \(d\) Applicant maintained an I\ sraeli passport because, as an Israeli citizen, he)Tj ET EMC endstream endobj 15 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/StructParents 2/Type/Page>> endobj 56 0 obj [58 0 R] endobj 57 0 obj <>stream BT /Artifact <>BDC /TT0 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 5 779 Tm (03-15485.a1)Tj EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 -86 TD (file:///usr.osd.mil/)Tj 7.166 0 Td (...)Tj (Computer/Desktop/DOHA%20transfer/DOHA-Kane/dodogc/doha/industrial/Archiv\ ed%20-%20HTML/03-15485.a1.html)Tj 49.74 0 Td ([6/24/2021 3:24:00 PM])Tj EMC ET 1 g 10 36 591.75 729.75 re f /Article <>BDC EMC /Article <>BDC q 10 36 592 730 re W n BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 755.25 Tm (Department Counsel on appeal asserts that the Judge's )Tj 21.897 0 Td (conclusions are arbitrary, capricious ands contrary to law.)Tj ET Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 741.75 Tm (Department Counsel's assertion has merit. )Tj 17.065 0 Td (For the reasons that follow, the Board concludes the )Tj 21.106 0 Td (Administrative Judge)Tj -38.171 -1.125 Td (failed to articulate a sustainable basis for her favorable conclusions u\ nder Guideline B \(Foreign Influence\).)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Regarding the applicability of Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1, Depar\ tment Counsel correctly notes that the record)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (evidence concerning Applicant's mother )Tj 16.341 0 Td (and two siblings living in Israel raises security concerns under Guideli\ ne B, and)Tj -16.341 -1.125 Td (that the burden of persuasion shifted to Applicant to present evidence s\ ufficient )Tj 32.046 0 Td (to address those security concerns such)Tj -32.046 -1.125 Td (that "it is clearly consistent with the national interest" to grant or c\ ontinue access to classified information for )Tj 44.026 0 Td (Applicant.)Tj 0 0 0.933 rg 9.75 0 0 9.75 16 650.25 Tm (\(4\))Tj ET 0 0 0.933 RG 0.75 w q 1 0 0 1 16 649.5 cm 0 0 m 11.369 0 l h S Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 623.25 Tm (The Judge had to consider the totality of Applicant's conduct and circum\ stances and evaluate whether Applicant had)Tj T* (presented sufficient evidence )Tj 11.911 0 Td (to extenuate or mitigate the security concerns raised by the presence of\ his mother and his)Tj -11.911 -1.125 Td (siblings in Israel. )Tj 7.11 0 Td (However, the Administrative Judge acted in an )Tj 19.05 0 Td (arbitrary and capricious manner by inverting the)Tj -26.16 -1.125 Td (burden of proof and holding that Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1 appl\ ied because there is no evidence that)Tj T* (Applicant's mother, brother and sister, who are residents of and citizen\ s of Israel, are agents of the Israeli government)Tj T* (and could be pressured by them or be )Tj 15.218 0 Td (exploited by this foreign power \(Decision at p. 8\). )Tj 20.245 0 Td (Department Counsel did not)Tj -35.463 -1.125 Td (have to disprove the applicability of Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1\ . )Tj 29.496 0 Td (Rather, Applicant had to present evidence to)Tj -29.496 -1.125 Td (justify its application. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 8.943 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case No. 02-02892 \(June 28, 2004\) at p. 6. )Tj (The Judge's application of )Tj 34.507 0 Td (Guideline B)Tj -43.451 -1.125 Td (Mitigating Condition 1 was arbitrary and capricious because it was predi\ cated on an improper shifting of the burden of)Tj T* (persuasion.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Department Counsel contends that, for purposes of Guideline B, it is irr\ elevant whether the form of influence to which)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (Applicant could be subjected is coercive )Tj 16.438 0 Td (or noncoercive \(Brief at p. 10\). )Tj 12.662 0 Td (This contention has merit. )Tj 10.692 0 Td (Nothing in Guideline)Tj -39.792 -1.125 Td (B limits its scope or applicability to situations involving only coerciv\ e forms )Tj 30.94 0 Td (of influence. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 5.303 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case No. 02-)Tj -36.244 -1.125 Td (02195 \(April 9, 2004\) at p.6 n.14. )Tj 13.749 0 Td (Furthermore, the absence of evidence that an applicant is vulnerable to \ coercion or)Tj -13.749 -1.125 Td (blackmail does not preclude consideration of conduct or circumstances th\ at raise security concerns independent of any)Tj T* (vulnerability to coercion or blackmail. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 15.606 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case No. 02-11570 \(May 19, 2004\) at p. 6 and n.13. )Tj (In this case,)Tj -15.606 -1.125 Td (the Administrative Judge is implicitly holding that only evidence of coe\ rcive )Tj 30.965 0 Td (means of influence raises security)Tj -30.965 -1.125 Td (concerns under Guideline B and that the absence of such evidence leads t\ o the conclusion that there are no security)Tj T* (concerns )Tj (under Guideline B. )Tj 11.691 0 Td (By focusing only on the question of coercive forms of influence, the Jud\ ge engaged in)Tj -11.691 -1.125 Td (arbitrary and capricious reasoning.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (In concluding that Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1 applied, the Admin\ istrative Judge relied solely on character)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (testimony favorable to Applicant and )Tj 15.135 0 Td (Applicant's own testimony as to how he would behave under a hypothetical\ set of)Tj -15.135 -1.125 Td (circumstances. )Tj 6.164 0 Td (The Judge concluded that "Applicant persuasively declared )Tj 23.983 0 Td (that if he were ever approached by anyone)Tj -30.147 -1.125 Td (seeking information on his classified work, he would report such a conta\ ct or threat to a responsible security )Tj 43.571 0 Td (official.")Tj -43.571 -1.125 Td (\(Decision at p. 8\). )Tj 7.442 0 Td (Although a favorable credibility determination means the Judge believes \ the witness, it does not)Tj -7.442 -1.125 Td (relieve the Judge of the obligation )Tj 13.885 0 Td (to weigh the witness' testimony in light of the record evidence as a who\ le and to)Tj -13.885 -1.125 Td (reach reasonable conclusions based on the totality of the record evidenc\ e. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 29.655 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR Case No. 02-14995 \(July 26,)Tj -29.655 -1.125 Td (2004\) at pp. 6-7; ISCR Case No. 03-02486 \(August 31, 2004\) at p. 7. )Tj 27.915 0 Td (Given the Judge's findings about Applicant's ties)Tj -27.915 -1.125 Td (with immediate family members in Israel and the dearth of evidence conce\ rning whether these relatives were in a)Tj T* (position to be exploited \(the Judge's decision )Tj 18.205 0 Td (rests heavily on her principal finding that Applicant testified that non\ e of)Tj -18.205 -1.125 Td (his relatives or associates were agents of a foreign power or in a posit\ ion to be )Tj 31.546 0 Td (exploited by a foreign power, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 12.052 0 Td (to the best)Tj -43.598 -1.125 Td (of his knowledge )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 6.971 0 Td ([emphasis added]\), the Judge's conclusion that Guideline B Mitigating C\ ondition 1 applied was not)Tj -6.971 -1.125 Td (sustainable.)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Moreover, by relying on Applicant's hypothetical statement as to what he\ would do if anyone approached him seeking)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (access to classified information, the )Tj 14.551 0 Td (Administrative Judge engaged in arbitrary and capricious reasoning. )Tj 27.575 0 Td (The federal)Tj -42.125 -1.125 Td (government is not required to wait until it has proof that an applicant \ has been )Tj 31.52 0 Td (specifically targeted by a foreign)Tj -31.52 -1.125 Td (government before it can decide whether the applicant's conduct and circ\ umstances pose a security risk. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 41.775 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, ISCR)Tj -41.775 -1.125 Td (Case )Tj (No. 02-14995 \(July 26, 2004\) at pp. 4-5. )Tj (In the context of the application of Guideline B Mitigating Condition 1,\ )Tj T* (the proper focus is not on what an applicant )Tj 17.745 0 Td (would do if placed in a position where he or she is forced to choose)Tj -17.745 -1.125 Td (between loyalties to family members and loyalty to the United States. )Tj 28.104 0 Td (The proper focus is )Tj (on a determination as to)Tj -28.104 -1.125 Td (whether the presence of an applicant's family members in a foreign count\ ry places applicant in a position where he or)Tj ET EMC endstream endobj 58 0 obj <>/BS<>/Border[0 0 0]/PA<>/Rect[16.0 648.0 27.0 659.0]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 14 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/StructParents 1/Type/Page>> endobj 59 0 obj [61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R] endobj 60 0 obj <>stream BT /Artifact <>BDC /TT0 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 5 779 Tm (03-15485.a1)Tj EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 -86 TD (file:///usr.osd.mil/)Tj 7.166 0 Td (...)Tj (Computer/Desktop/DOHA%20transfer/DOHA-Kane/dodogc/doha/industrial/Archiv\ ed%20-%20HTML/03-15485.a1.html)Tj 49.74 0 Td ([6/24/2021 3:24:00 PM])Tj EMC ET 1 g 10 36 591.75 729.75 re f /Article <>BDC EMC /Article <>BDC q 10 36 592 730 re W n BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 756 Tm (relevant factors; it reflects a clear error of )Tj 16.879 0 Td (judgment; it fails to consider an important aspect of the case; it offer\ s an)Tj ET Q BT 0 g 12 0 0 12 16 742.5 Tm (explanation for the decision that runs contrary to the record evidence; \ or it is so )Tj 32.018 0 Td (implausible that it cannot be ascribed to)Tj -32.018 -1.125 Td (a mere difference of opinion. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 11.883 0 Td (See, e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3.332 0 Td (,)Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf (ISCR Case No. 97-0435 \(July 14, 1998\) at p. 3 \(citing Supreme Court )Tj 28.72 0 Td (decision\).)Tj -43.935 -1.125 Td (In deciding whether the Judge's rulings or conclusions are contrary to l\ aw, the Board will consider whether they are)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (contrary to provisions of )Tj 10.109 0 Td (Executive Order 10865, the Directive, or other applicable federal law. )Tj 28.238 0 Td (Compliance with state)Tj -38.347 -1.125 Td (or local law is not required because security clearance )Tj 21.851 0 Td (adjudications are conducted by the Department of Defense)Tj -21.851 -1.125 Td (pursuant to federal law. )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 9.691 0 Td (See)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( U.S. Constitution, Article VI, clause 2 \(Supremacy Clause\). )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 25.828 0 Td (See, e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (, )Tj (ISCR Case No. 00-)Tj -35.519 -1.125 Td (0423 \(June 8, 2001\) at p. 3 \(citing Supreme Court decisions\).)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (When an Administrative Judge's factual findings are challenged, the Boar\ d must determine whether "[t]he)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (Administrative Judge's findings of fact are supported )Tj 21.425 0 Td (by such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as)Tj -21.425 -1.125 Td (adequate to support a conclusion in light of all the contrary evidence i\ n the same record. )Tj 35.516 0 Td (In )Tj (making this review, the)Tj -35.516 -1.125 Td (Appeal Board shall give deference to the credibility determinations of t\ he Administrative Judge." )Tj 39.174 0 Td (Directive, Additional)Tj -39.174 -1.125 Td (Procedural )Tj 4.582 0 Td (Guidance, Item E3.1.32.1. )Tj 10.775 0 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the following questions:)Tj 0 -2.125 TD (Is the error harmful or harmless? )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 13.384 0 Td (See, e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3.332 0 Td (, ISCR Case No. 00-0250 \(July 11, 2001\) at p. 6 \(discussing harmless \ error)Tj -16.715 -1.125 Td (doctrine\);)Tj T* (Has the nonappealing party made a persuasive argument for how the Admini\ strative Judge's decision can be affirmed on)Tj 0 -1.125 TD (alternate grounds? )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 7.608 0 Td (See, e.g.)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3.332 0 Td (, ISCR )Tj (Case No. 99-0454 \(October 17, 2000\) at p. 6 \(citing federal cases\); \ and)Tj -10.939 -2.125 Td (If the Administrative Judge's decision cannot be affirmed, should the ca\ se be reversed or remanded? )Tj 40.333 0 Td (\(Directive,)Tj -40.333 -1.125 Td (Additional Procedural Guidance, Items )Tj 15.912 0 Td (E3.1.33.2 and E3.1.33.3\).)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 5.313 -2.125 Td (Appeal Issues)Tj /TT0 1 Tf -21.225 -2.125 Td (Before addressing the main appeal issues, the Board will discuss a thres\ hold issue raised by a 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